Pnictogen

Pnictogens
Name by element	nitrogen group
Trivial name	pnictogens, pentels
CAS group number; (US, pattern A-B-A)	VA
old IUPAC number; (Europe, pattern A-B)	VB
↓ Period
2	Nitrogen (N); 7 Other nonmetal
3	Phosphorus (P); 15 Other nonmetal
4	Arsenic (As); 33 Metalloid
5	Antimony (Sb); 51 Metalloid
6	Bismuth (Bi); 83 Other metal
7	Moscovium (Mc); 115 other metal
	primordial element
	synthetic element
	Atomic number color:; red=gas, black=solid

A pnictogen^[1] (/ˈpnɪktədʒən/ or /ˈnɪktədʒən/; from Ancient Greek: πνῑ́γω "to choke" and -gen, "generator") is any of the chemical elements in group 15 of the periodic table. Group 15 is also known as the nitrogen group or nitrogen family. Group 15 consists of the elements nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi), and moscovium (Mc).

Since 1988, IUPAC calls it Group 15. Before that, in America it was called Group VA, owing to a text by H. C. Deming and the Sargent-Welch Scientific Company, while in Europe it was called Group VB and IUPAC recommended that in 1970.^[2] (Pronounced "group five A" and "group five B"; "V" is the Roman numeral 5). In semiconductor physics, it is still usually called Group V.^[3] The "five" ("V") in the historical names comes from the "pentavalency" of nitrogen, reflected by the stoichiometry of compounds such as N₂O₅. They have also been called the pentels.

^ International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (2005). Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2005). Cambridge (UK): RSC–IUPAC. ISBN 0-85404-438-8. p. 51. Electronic version.
^ Fluck, E (1988). "New notations in the periodic table" (PDF). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 60 (3): 431–6. doi:10.1351/pac198860030431. S2CID 96704008.
^ Adachi, S., ed. (2005). Properties of Group-IV, III-V and II-VI Semiconductors. Wiley Series in Materials for Electronic & Optoelectronic Applications. Vol. 15. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. Bibcode:2005pgii.book.....A. ISBN 978-0470090329.

[1] International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (2005). Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2005). Cambridge (UK): RSC–IUPAC. ISBN 0-85404-438-8. p. 51. Electronic version.

[Fluck1988-2] Fluck, E (1988). "New notations in the periodic table" (PDF). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 60 (3): 431–6. doi:10.1351/pac198860030431. S2CID 96704008.

[Adachi2005-3] Adachi, S., ed. (2005). Properties of Group-IV, III-V and II-VI Semiconductors. Wiley Series in Materials for Electronic & Optoelectronic Applications. Vol. 15. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. Bibcode:2005pgii.book.....A. ISBN 978-0470090329.

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